Ọkpụkpụ Ọrọthopedic bụ ihe eji eme ahụike mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe. A na-ejikarị ya dozie nkwonkwo na-arụ ọrụ, jupụta n'ọkpụkpụ oghere, ma na-enye nkwado na ndozi na usoro ọgwụgwọ. Ọ na - eme ka oghere dị n'etiti nkwonkwo ahụ, na - ebelata iyi ma gbasa nrụgide, ma na - akwalite mmetụta nke ịwa nnọchi njikọ.
Isi ihe eji eme ihe mgbochi akwara bu:
1. Mmezi ihe eji eme ihe: Enwere ike iji ciment ciment juputara ma dozie saịtị.
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3. Ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ: ọkpụkpụ ciment nwere ike jupụta ntụpọ ọkpụkpụ ma kwalite anụ ahụ ọkpụkpụ.
Kwesịrị, ọkpụkpụ ciment kwesịrị inwe agwa ndị a: (1) injectication, akụrụngwa mmemme zuru oke, cohesion, na radipacity maka akụrụngwa ndị dị mma; (2) ike zuru oke nke ọma maka nkwalite ozugbo; (3) Nchọpụta nke zuru oke iji mee ka mgbasa mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, na ọpụpụ sel ọhụrụ; (4) Ezi Osteocondevity na osteondontoctistity maka ịkwalite mbido ọkpụkpụ; (5) biodegradity na-agafe agafe iji daba ebe a na-emegharị ihe nke ihe ọkpọ ọkpọ nwere ọkpụkpụ ọhụrụ; na (6) ikike ịkpụ ọgwụ ike nke ọgwụ.
N'afọ 1970, ejiri ciment ọkpụkpụ makaokukpuIbe ya, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe na-ejupụta ma rụkwaa ya na orthopedics na dentistry. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ciment na-ejikarị ya eme nchọpụta (pmma) (PMMMMA), Calcium fosphate ọkpụkpụ na calcium sulfate ọkpụkpụ ciment. Ugbu a, ụdị ọkpụkpụ ciment a na-ejikarị kọọ mkpụrụ osisi pịrị apị (PMMA), Calcium Sulfate ọkpụkpụ ciment na calcium phosphate nke ọma. Agbanyeghị, calcium sulfate ọkpụkpụ ciment nwere ihe omume dị njọ ma ọ bụrụ na a na-emekọ ihe ike na anụ ahụ calcium sọlfọ na anụ ahụ, ma ga-emebi ngwa ngwa. Enwere ike ịmị mkpụrụ nke cents ike kpamkpam n'ime izu isii mgbe ọ kụnyere anụ ahụ. Nke a na nkọ ngwa ngwa adabaghị na usoro ọkpụkpụ. Ya mere, e jiri ya tụnyere ihe Calsium Phosphate ọkpụkpụ, mmepe na nke ụlọ ọgwụ nke calcium sulfate ọkpụkpụ na-adịchaghị mma. Mkpụrụ ọkpụkpọ PMMMA bụ acymer acrylic ciment bụ acymer acrylic ciment bụ ịgwakọta ihe abụọ: mmiri mmiri methyrylate momomer na ike methylate-styrere colopylate-sty. O nwere ebe obibi ndị Monomer dị ala, ike ọgwụgwụ dị ala na ọgba aghara na ọgba aghara, ma nwee ike ịmepụta ọkpụkpụ ọhụrụ ma belata ihe na-akpata ọgba aghara na plastity. Ihe bụ isi nke ntụ ntụ ya bụ polylyylthyl metryylate-styylate colopymer, na isi ihe mejupụtara mmiri mmiri bụ methythrylate momomer.
Mkpụrụ osisi PMMA nwere ike tement na plastity, ma na-eme ngwa ngwa, yana ndị ọrịa nwere ike ịpụ na akwa ma mee ihe omume na-eme n'oge ịwa ahụ. Ọ nwere ụdị plastimit platy, onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ nwere ike ịmebi ọ bụla tupu ciment ciment na-eme. Ihe ahụ nwere ezigbo arụmọrụ nchekwa, ma ọ bụghị ahụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ na-atọgbu ma ọ bụ na-etinye ya n'ahụ. Ihe owuwu kemịkalụ ahụ kwụsiri ike, a na-amatakwa akụrụngwa arụ ọrụ.
Agbanyeghị, ọ ka nwere ụfọdụ ọghọm, dị ka mgbe ụfọdụ na-eweta oke nrụgide n'ọkpụkpụ, na-akpata abụba abụba iji banye n'ime arịa ọbara ma kpatara ihe mgbochi. N'adịghị ka ọkpụkpụ mmadụ, nkwonkwo na nkwonkwo nwere ike tọhapụ oge. PMMMMA momomers na-ahapụ okpomọkụ n'oge polymerization, nke nwere ike ibute mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ sel. Ihe ndị ahụ na-eme ka ciment ọkpụkpụ nwere ụfọdụ cystotoxicity, wdg.
The ingredients in bone cement may cause allergic reactions, such as rash, urticaria, dyspnea and other symptoms, and in severe cases, anaphylactic shock may occur. A ga-arụ nnwale nke mbọ niile tupu iji zere mmeghachi omume nfụkasị. Mmeghachi omume ọjọọ na ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ gụnyere mmeghachi omume ciment nfụkasị, ọkpụkpụ akwara, ciment ciment na-atọpụ. Ihe ọkpụkpụ ciment nwere ike ibute ọnya anụ ahụ na mmeghachi omume na-egbu egbu, ma nwee ike imebi akwara na arịa ọbara, na-eduga na nsogbu. Nhazi ọkpụkpụ bụ nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma sie ike karịa afọ iri, ma ọ bụ karịa ihe karịrị afọ iri abụọ.
Ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ bụ ụdị a na-ahụkarị, na aha sayensị ya bụ Vertebrory. Ihe mkpuchi ọkpụkpụ bụ ihe polymer nwere nnukwu mmiri tupu njikọta. Ọ nwere ike tinye vertebrae site na agịga agịịrị, wee gbasasịa n'akụkụ oghere n'ime cracks nke vertebrae; Cent ciment na-eme ka ihe dị ka nkeji iri, na-arapara na ọkpụkpụ na ọkpụkpụ, na ciment ọkpụkpụ nwere ike igwu egwu na ọkpụkpụ dị, na-eme vertebrae ike. Usoro ọgwụgwọ niile na-ewe minit 20-30.
Iji zere ngbasa mgbe ciment ọkpụkpụ, emepụtala ụdị ọgwụgwọ ọhụrụ, ya bụ ngwaọrụ Vertebra. Ọ na-eme obere obere na azụ onye ọrịa ma jiri agịga pụrụ iche na-akpụ akpụ ahụ na-ekpuchi ahụ verteble ahụ site na akpụkpọ ahụ n'okpuru X-ray nlekota iji guzobe ọwa. Mgbe ahụ, etinyere Balloon ka ọ kpoo akụkụ ahụ juru, ma mgbe ahụ ka a na-etinye ciment ahụ n'ime anụ ahụ iji weghachi ọdịdị nke anụ ahụ na-arịa ọrịa. Ọkpụkpụ ọgwụ na-arịa ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa bartebloul na-eme ka ihe mgbochi gbochie ihe mgbochi mkpọsa ihe, mgbe ị na-ebelata nrụgide ọkpụkpụ. Ọ nwere ike belata nsogbu metụtara izu ike metụtara izu ike, dị ka oyitonia, ọrịa ọnya, wdg, ma zere izu ike ọkpụkpụ n'ihi ezumike nká.
Ọ bụrụ na a na-eme PKP ịwa ahụ, onye ọrịa ahụ ga-ezu ike n'ime akwa n'ime awa 2 mgbe ịwa ahụ, ma nwee ike ịtụgharị na axis. N'oge a, ọ bụrụ na enwere mmetụta dị oke njọ ma ọ bụ ihe mgbu ahụ na-akawanye njọ, a ga-agwa dọkịta n'oge.
Mara:
① zere nnukwu waist na-agbagharị na ihe na-eme mkpọtụ;
② zere ịnọ ọdụ ma ọ bụ guzosie ike ogologo oge;
③ zere iburu ibu ma ọ bụ na-agbago ka e were ihe dị n'elu ala;
④ zere ịnọdụ ala na oche dị ala;
⑤ Na-egbochi ọdịda na nlọghachị nke fracreares.
Oge post: Novolu 25-2024
